How to Measure the Accuracy of CNC Cutting Head?

The accuracy of a CNC cutting head refers to the accuracy of its cutting position, angle, and depth during machining. An accurate cutting head is essential to ensure the quality of the final product. Here are some commonly used measurement methods and techniques for evaluating the accuracy of a CNC cutting head.

1. Laser Interferometer

Principle: The laser interferometer uses the interference phenomenon of a laser beam to measure the position of the cutting head with high precision. A laser beam is emitted, split into two beams by a beam splitter, and one beam is reflected back to the interferometer, and the other beam is irradiated to the position of the cutting head.
Advantages: Measurements can be made at the nanometer level, suitable for applications that require extremely high precision.

2. Standard Gauge Blocks and Vernier Calipers

Principle: Use standard gauge blocks and vernier calipers of known sizes to manually measure the actual position and cutting depth of the cutting head.
Advantages: Simple and easy to use and suitable for a variety of occasions, but the accuracy and repeatability of manual measurement may be affected by human operation.

3. High-precision Angle Meter

Principle: Used to measure the inclination or angle accuracy of the CNC cutting head to ensure that the cutting tool works at the expected angle.
Advantages: The angle deviation of the cutting head can be quickly and accurately evaluated.

4. 3D Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)

Principle: CMM measures the size and shape of the cut sample at different positions (X, Y, Z axis) through the probe.
Advantages: It can provide comprehensive 3D measurement data and is suitable for precision detection of complex geometric shapes.

5. Linear Displacement Sensor

Principle: It is installed on the cutting head to detect the position change of the cutting head in real time. By reading the value of the sensor, the actual position of the cutting head during the processing can be evaluated.
Advantages: It can monitor in real time and is suitable for dynamic performance testing.

6. Surface Finish Meter

Principle: It is used to measure the finish and texture of the surface after cutting, which indirectly reflects the accuracy and cutting quality of the cutting head.
Advantages: If the cutting surface is not smooth, it may mean that the CNC cutting head is not accurate enough.

7. Program Test Cutting

Principle: By writing a test program, cutting a specific shape or pattern, observing the appearance and size of the cutting, and verifying the deviation between the actual cutting and the program setting.
Advantages: It effectively judges the overall cutting accuracy and can find potential problems.

Summary

Accurately measuring the accuracy of CNC cutting heads is a complex and multi-faceted process. Usually, combining multiple measurement methods and tools can provide a more comprehensive evaluation result to ensure that the working performance of the CNC cutting head meets the design requirements. When taking measurements, maintaining a stable environment and maintaining the equipment are also important factors to ensure accurate measurement results.

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